Definition of the word bad breath

The term "bad breath" refers to an unpleasant odor emanating from a person's mouth. This condition, scientifically known as halitosis, has been known by various names throughout history. One early reference to bad breath can be traced back to the 6th century BC when the Greek philosopher Hippocrates wrote of "fetid breath" as a symptom of various medical conditions, such as liver disease and postnasal drip. In ancient Rome, the historian Pliny the Elder reported that "disgusting breath" was a consequence of the consumption of garlic and onions, which were then widely used as medicinal remedies. In Medieval Europe, bad breath was viewed as a sign of spiritual and moral impurity. The Catholic Church even declared in 1215 that persons suffering from halitosis were ineligible to receive the sacraments, including confession and communion, until their oral hygiene was improved. The word "halitosis" itself is of relatively recent origin, coined by a New York dentist, William L. Duggan, in 1901. Alternative expressions such as "foul breath," "冲鸾" (in Chinese), and "halitōs" (in Modern Greek) continue to be used in different parts of the world. Today, bad breath is a common problem affecting millions of people worldwide. While dietary choices, oral hygiene, and certain medical conditions can contribute to halitosis, simple measures such as daily brushing, flossing, and regular dental check-ups can greatly minimize the issue.