Definition of the word diplomatic immunity

The concept of "diplomatic immunity" refers to a legal protection granted to diplomats, who represent their countries abroad, to shield them from local law enforcement and legal proceedings in the host country. The practice of granting diplomats immunity dates back to ancient times, where messengers sent between cities and kingdoms were granted safe passage to ensure the confidentiality and security of diplomatic communications. The modern usage of the term "diplomatic immunity" emerged during the 19th century as international relations became increasingly regulated by treaties and protocols. The concept was solidified through the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, which was adopted by the United Nations in 1961. The convention outlines the specific situations in which diplomatic immunity applies, such as during the performance of official duties, in the diplomat's residence, and in civil or administrative proceedings related to their diplomatic role. The main justification behind diplomatic immunity is to maintain the integrity of diplomatic relations and prevent incidents that could jeopardize a country's national interests. Diplomats are authorized to negotiate and implement agreements, fulfil treaty obligations, and represent their country's viewpoints. Immunity guarantees that diplomats can perform these essential functions without interference, pressure, or retaliation by the host country's authorities. In summary, diplomatic immunity entails an exemption from local criminal and civil laws to ensure diplomats enjoy complete freedom to act on behalf of their state, without fear of persecution or judicial constraints. This notion aims to promote trust, respect and fruitful cooperation between nations, indispensable for a peaceful and constructive international community.