Meaning and usage of the word gumption in English

The word "gumption" originates from the Scottish Gaelic word "cumunn," meaning "council" or "meeting." During the 17th and 18th centuries, Scottish Highlanders used "cumunn" to refer to a gathering of clans for decision-making and deliberation. The term was later adopted into English as "gumption," specifically in the American South, where it came to mean "courage," "initiative," or "gut instinct." In the mid-19th century, the term gained popularity in American slang, particularly in the literature of Ulysses S. Grant, who wrote about "gumption" as a vital quality for success. By the early 20th century, "gumption" had become a common phrase in American English, often used to describe someone with determination, perseverance, or resourcefulness. Today, the word remains a colloquialism, cherished for its rustic charm and nostalgic appeal.