Definition of the word retardation

The word "retardation" originally referred to the slowing down or delaying of a natural process or motion due to external factors. This meaning can still be seen in scientific contexts, such as in the field of chemistry where retardation refers to the slowing down of a chemical reaction due to factors like temperature or the presence of other substances. However, in the 20th century, the use of the word "retardation" to refer to cognitive or intellectual developmental disorders became popular. The term was initially used to describe individuals who were slow in learning or progressing, particularly in comparison to their peers. This use of the word "retardation" became widely accepted and was included in official medical and diagnostic classifications. However, this use of the term has fallen out of favor in recent years due to its potential to cause offense and stigma. Many medical professionals and advocacy organizations now prefer the term "intellectual disability" to describe these conditions, reflecting a shift towards more person-centered, non-stigmatizing language. The word "retardation" is now generally avoided in most contexts due to its historical associations with negative attitudes and prejudice towards individuals with intellectual disabilities.