Definition of the word sham

The word "sham" has a fascinating history. It originated in the 15th century from the Old English word "scam," which meant "deception" or "trickery." The term was initially used to describe a fake or counterfeit object, such as a sham leaf or a sham pearl. Over time, the meaning of "sham" expanded to incorporate the idea of superficial appearance versus reality. In the 17th century, the word "sham" took on a more figurative sense, describing something that appears genuine but is actually false or deceptive. Today, we use "sham" to describe a fake or artificial product, sensation, or claim, as well as a pretend or insincere action.