Meaning and usage of the word derangement in English

The word "derangement" has its roots in 17th-century French, where it was spelled "dérangement". It comes from the Latin words "de" meaning "out of" and "regimen" meaning "government" or "order". In the 1650s, the term was used to describe a disturbance or disorder in the natural order of things, such as a perturbation in the movement of celestial bodies or a disruption in the social hierarchy. In the 18th century, the word took on a broader sense, referring to any kind of disorder or chaos, whether physical, mental, or emotional. Today, the term is commonly used in psychology to describe a specific type of mental disorder characterized by the absence of rational thinking and the presence of hallucinations or delusions. Throughout its history, the word "derangement" has maintained its connotation of turmoil and disorder, making it a useful term for describing a wide range of social, cultural, and psychological phenomena.