Definition of the word civil

The word "civil" has its roots in the Latin word "civilis," meaning "of or pertaining to citizens." The Latin term "civis" refers to a citizen, and the suffix "-ilis" forms an adjective indicating a relationship or connection to something. In Middle English, the word "civil" evolved to describe that which is related to citizens, cities, or urban life. In the 14th century, the term "civil" began to take on connotations of moral, humane, or polite behavior, distinct from military or savage conduct. This sense of "civil" as relating to civility, courtesy, and gentle manners became dominant in English usage. Throughout history, the concept of "civil" has expanded to encompass various aspects of societal life, including governance, law, and culture. Today, the word "civil" is commonly used to describe everything from civic duties to civilized behavior, reflecting its origins in the Latin concept of civic life.